In the end, the missions had mixed results in their objectives: to convert, educate, develop and transform the native peoples into Spanish subjects.īy 1810, Spain's king had been imprisoned by the French, and financing for military payroll and missions in California ceased. Significant reductions in Native American population occurred mostly through introduction of European diseases. The missionaries introduced European fruits, vegetables, cattle, horses, ranching, and technology. Founded by Catholic priests of the Franciscan order to evangelize the Native Americans, the missions led to the creation of the New Spain province of Alta California and were part of the expansion of the Spanish Empire into the most northern and western parts of Spanish North America.įollowing long-term secular and religious policy of Spain in Spanish America, the missionaries forced the native Californians to live in settlements called reductions, disrupting their traditional way of life. Series of 21 religious outposts or missions established between 17 in what is now the U.S. The Spanish missions in California ( Spanish: Misiones españolas en California) comprise a
Franciscans of the California missions donned gray habits, in contrast to the brown that is typically worn today.
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